Magnets and Magnetism

Explore magnetic fields, north and south poles, and discover magnetic objects in your everyday world


Child experimenting with magnets and metal objects on a table
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Child experimenting with magnets and metal objects on a table

PHOTOGRAPH BY RDNE Stock project, Pexels

Have you ever played with magnets and watched them mysteriously push away from each other or snap together? Magnets create invisible forces that can work through air, water, and even some solid materials. It's like magic, but it's actually science!

How Do Magnets Work?

Every magnet has two special areas called poles - a north pole and a south pole. These poles create an invisible bubble of force around the magnet called a magnetic field. You can't see it, but it's there, just like the wind!

Magnets Diagram

MAGNETIC POLE RULES
Opposite poles attract each other (north pulls toward south)
Same poles repel each other (north pushes away from north)
You cannot have a magnet with only one pole
If you break a magnet in half, you get two smaller magnets!

What Can Magnets Attract?

Magnets are picky about what they like! They only attract objects made of certain metals like iron, nickel, and cobalt. These are called magnetic materials. Most everyday items like plastic toys, wooden pencils, and aluminum cans won't stick to magnets.

MAGNETIC VS NON-MAGNETIC
MAGNETIC: Paper clips, nails, steel spoons, iron filings
NON-MAGNETIC: Plastic bottles, wooden blocks, copper pennies, glass
SOMETIMES MAGNETIC: Steel cans (yes), aluminum cans (no)
SURPRISING: Most stainless steel is not magnetic!
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Magnets in Your World

Magnets are hidden helpers in many things you use every day! They're inside speakers and headphones to make sound, in electric motors that power toys, and even in the magnetic strips on credit cards.

MAGNET HUNT AROUND YOUR HOUSE
Check your refrigerator for magnetic decorations
Look for magnets holding papers on bulletin boards
Find the magnetic closures on purses or cabinet doors
Test different objects to see which ones are magnetic

Earth itself is like a giant magnet with north and south poles! That's why compass needles always point north - they're attracted to Earth's magnetic field. Pretty amazing that our whole planet is magnetic!